You most likely did not damage the torque converter. However, if you ran the enginewith the torque converter installed incorrectly, you did most likely damage the pump. Removal and disassembly of the pump is the only way to be 100% certain.
How do you know if a torque converter is seated?
Re: How can I tell if my Torque Convertor is properly seated. The snout on the converter will be behind the bellhousing's front surface, you won't be able to get your fingers between the converter and the bellhousing, the converter will make a very solid 'thunk' noise when pulled out slightly and pushed back in.
How do you align a torque converter?
What happens when a torque converter slips?
1. Slipping. A torque converter can slip out of gear or delay a shift its fin or bearing is damaged. This is because the torque converter changes the engine's torque into hydraulic pressure that is required to ship the transmission's gears.
Related Question What happens if torque converter is installed wrong?
How do you align a flexplate torque converter?
Should you fill torque converter before installing?
When installing the converter onto the transmission, please pour approximately one quart of ATF (automatic transmission fluid) into the converter before installing into the transmission. You should experience two distinct drops of the converter into the transmission before it is all of the way in.